Self Heal (Prunella vulgaris)

Traditional use

Self-Heal, also known as Prunella vulgaris, has a long-standing history in traditional European and Chinese medicine. The name itself reflects its reputation as a panacea, "all-heal”, and it was historically considered a remedy for nearly every ailment. Medieval herbalists prized it as a powerful internal and external wound herb. John Gerard, the 16th-century herbalist, declared that “there is not a better wound herb than that of Self Heal,” highlighting its broad use for cuts, ulcers, and inflamed tissues.

It was commonly infused or decocted as a tonic to support recovery from illness and injury, especially those involving the mouth, throat, and nervous system. In folk practices, it was used to soothe sore throats, calm feverish conditions, and promote clarity of mind. The Doctrine of Signatures, associating a plant’s form with its function, led to its use for brain-related ailments due to its flower’s resemblance to a gaping mouth or hooded head. Culpeper noted its value in treating headaches when applied topically, often combined with rose oil for additional cooling effects.

Clinical discussion

Though not widely used in contemporary Western herbal medicine, Prunella vulgaris remains a highly valuable, underutilised ally, especially as a local, easily foraged vulnerary. It has notable astringent, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and lymphatic properties, making it ideal for acute first-aid care and deeper systemic support.

Topically, Self Heal is especially suited for minor wounds, burns, abrasions, and slow-healing or infected injuries. It may be applied as a poultice, salve, or infused oil. Internally, it can support the healing of ulcers, sore throats, gum infections, and swollen glands. Its gentle lymphatic action supports the clearance of congestion in the neck and throat region.

Self Heal’s tannins contribute to its drying, toning effect, which is particularly beneficial for weepy, inflamed tissues. While mild in flavour and action, it can be safely used by a wide range of populations, including children and the elderly, for inflamed mucosa or general tissue repair.

Modern herbalists may consider Self Heal in formulas for:

• Bleeding gums and mouth ulcers

• Tonsillitis and sore throats

• Wound healing and skin infections

• Lymphatic congestion in the head and neck

• Early-stage viral infections (e.g., cold sores or flu-like symptoms)

In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Prunella vulgaris is used to “clear Liver fire,” cool inflammation, and disperse swellings, particularly in the throat and eyes.

Cultivation/harvesting

Prunella vulgaris is a hardy, creeping perennial that thrives in meadows, woodland edges, lawns, and disturbed soils. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial sun but is highly adaptable and will often self-seed freely once established.

Harvest the aerial parts for medicinal use when the plant is in full bloom, typically between late spring and midsummer. Choose a warm, sunny day after the dew has dried to ensure optimal potency and easier drying. Both the leaves and purple flower spikes are used. Dry in small bunches in a well-ventilated area or dehydrate at low heat, then store in airtight jars away from light and moisture.

Frequent cutting during flowering will encourage further blooming, making Self Heal an excellent addition to herbal gardens with a dual purpose: medicine and pollinator support.